Target ies 2022

 Steps involved in casting: 1. Pattern making 2. mould making 3. pouring 4. solidification 5. fettling *.Casting terminology:

*Introduction and classification of fluid machines: fluid machinery:-  In fluid machinery we study about application of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics . Fluid machines:-   It is a device which converts the energy stored by a fluid into mechanical energy (or ) vice versa . the energy stored by a fluid mass appears in the form of                                                                                              a. Potential energy                                                                                         ...

 1. Manufacturing process:- It is a process of converting raw material into a finished product by various processes , machines and energy. it is a processes of value addition to the raw material. * Classification: (i)  Casting processes (II) forming processes (iii) fabrication processes (iv) material removal processes                          a.  zero processes  b. additive processes   c. subtracting processes (i) Casting Processes:- In casting metals or alloy are initially heated to melt them .the molten metal is then poured into a mold cavity . where it is allowed to solidify. after solidification the product is taken out of the mold cavity and subjected to finishing operation as per requirement. *Advantages:- i. complex shape of the object can be produced. ii. it is simple and less expensive process. iii. Ductile and brittle material can be produced. iv. Large size object can be produced by cast...

1. Heat:- it is the form of energy that is transferred between two substances at different temperatures. 2.Difference between thermodynamics and heat transfer:- In thermodynamics we deals with system in equilibrium i.e to bring a system from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state ;how much heat is require is the criteria in TD analysis.   But in heat transfer analysis we calculate at what rate the change of state occurs by calculating the rate of heat transfer. unit of heat in TD is jule but in HMT is watt. 3.Modes of heat transfer:- i.conduction ii.convection iii.radition i. Conduction:- Conduction is a mode of heat transfer which generally occurs in solid due to temperature difference. Associated with molecular lattice vibration energy transfer (30%) and also by free electron transfer (70%). The reason behind all electrical good conductors are also in generally good conductor of heat is that the presence of abudant free electron . EXAMPLE: All metals. NOTE: Exception ...